The molecule image is studied: Make a diagnosis and appear

The molecule image is studied: Make a diagnosis and appear life in early days in cancer
Staff reporter Li Chen

How will future? Why can't we find serious disease cancer earlier? Why we should be in disease later stage costing so much time and money? "We should be a little kinder to the patient! " Authority studied as the American molecule image, academician of American national academy of sciences, the image centre of the member of Stanford University and head of the department SanjivSamGambhir professor of nuclear medicine have put forward several questions making people think deeply at his speech beginning.

At the sixth Hangzhou international member's image seminar that is held recently, the speech of the Professor Gambhir of Stanford University has described the important function of studying in medical science in the future in molecule image, make conferees feel and encourage fully. Around the topic which he puts forward, the nuclear physicians from Europe, U.S.A., Japan, South Korea and other places have launched the warm discussion.

Future: Find, discern, intervene in early days

To disease, especially the intervention in early days of hopeless case such as cancer, it has been the hot issues of medical circle and scientific circles in recent years all the time. But as to many kinds of realization that cancer intervene early period, clear so in here in Professor in Gambhir never. Gambhir thinks, studies and works its magic in medical science in the future in molecule image: Find (Identity) The existence of disease, can check and find the tumour mark thing in the human body through the blood, thus the possibility to find disease; Discern (Isolate) patient's colony Come out, study the focal position of the scientific discovery with the molecule image; Intervene (Intervene) in early days ,Interfere the process of disease by treatment means.

"We should find those fatal cancers, and not every. " Gambhir says while accepting the special visit of " scientific Times ", his group is paying close attention to the intervention in early days that the molecule image of ovarian cancer, large intestine cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer,etc. is being studied. The means to interfere from in early days, go on the blood, check first usually, find whether there are tumour mark things in the blood; Then confirm position of focus and size through the molecule image technology; Then take the intervening measure. Gambhir points out, checks and can confirm minimum focus of 2 millimetres of diameter through PET/CT, intervene in early days at this time, the cure rate will be up to 95%.

However, can confirm before the focus exists, the key problem is how to find in the small and focal colony those may exist in the molecule image technology. "Intervene in early days, when to get early? " Gambhir says, to find early cancer, one should pay close attention to a few cells. When the focus size is 1 c.c., have already 500 million - 3 billion cancer cells included, to intervening in early days, this is too late; 1 cube include 50,000- 30 ten thousand cancer cell in the focus of millimetre, and 1 cube only include 500- 3000 cancer cells in the focus of micron. The last two kinds of situations are intervened and should pay close attention to in early days. But should find such a little focus is very difficult.

Excitedly, Gambhir was introduced in the report, they have already found the solution. Gambhir has shown a small chip to conferee, he calls that albumens and measures the chip. This is a chip of very high sensitivity, can react to the tumour mark thing of few content in the blood, the higher its sensitivity is, find small and focal possibility will be higher.

Because of this, Gambhir thinks, by 2020, Stanford University may possess the ability finding tumour of 2 millimetres in diameter focal, that is to say that may bring the cure rate of some cancers up to more than 90%. Gambhir tells reporters, his group will also pay close attention to the intervention in early days of cancers such as breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, oral cavity cancer,etc. in the future. "These a whole set of technology may be applied to various diseases to come, it is not merely cancer, such as nerve regression disease, cardiovascular vessel disease,etc.. If can find the early and small focus, we can let the patient have a good time. " Gambhir says.

It is a new opportunity of medical science that the transforming molecule image is studied

Gambhir tells reporters, their main research way is examined, treated and combined now. Though the third step treated in early days at present - -Interfere stage, they do not study more, but they will be certain to pay close attention to this field in the future.

Assistant professor Tian Mei of the centre of cancer of U.S.A. Texas university MD Andersen, organize one of more than 30 people's groups to be engaged in transforming the research of medical science at present. Because study in the medical college, contact patients, should make the basic research, she is the doctor and scientist, she tells reporters, the transforming molecule image learns to be a new opportunity of the doctor and scientist that is engaged in giving consideration to clinic and research.

Person who transform medical science attempt, establish direct the intersection of connection and person who transform between basic research and clinical medical treatment medical science have extensive meaning, namely proceeded from patient and developed and employed new technology, it was checking the assessment in early days with disease in early days of the patient that was emphasized. Tian Mei says, from cell level to little animal when being interviewed by " scientific Times ", reached big animal and even human body again, the basic research association produced the result with enormous difference equally, so must transform research, realize it from basic to the clinical transformation. For example the molecule target that studies medicine clicks, can compare with research on cancer cell and normal cell at first; Then can do corresponding research on little animal and big animal. The research of the little animal is commonly more used at present, but researchers of the big animal have few, because compared with organ / body weight of the little animal the big animal differs significantly; On the other hand, the phenotype of the little animal, individual difference of the genotype are small, but the big animal can not make this, the individual is widely different, so can't continue to use the data of the little animal experiment directly. And by clinical research stage, from animal to people, the difference is greater, the experiment is more difficult.

" so, the state-run hygiene research institute (NIH) of U.S.A. Supervise medicines under researching and developing from developing to clinical practice, will often go through more than 15 years. " Tian Mei says, perhaps 1000 kinds of medicines are being studied at the same time and but use only one kind on people finally. Because people are a whole, have individual difference greatly between men.

Tian Mei tells reporters, go over, the medicine is researched and developed mainly chemists or biologists are engaged in, they do not understand clinical medicine, transforming medical science now attempts to break the estrangement between basic research and clinical medicine, but this needs course of a system, need chemist, biologist to cooperate with physician.

"Transform the molecule image and learn to be the most important prerequisite of making clinical research. It is to ignore this that the medicine before this researches and develops the reason to often fail. " In Tian Mei's group, including physicist, chemist, biologist, physician,etc., whether they or professor, associate professor or very experienced clinician. "We set up a big animal's research center of transformation medical science in terms of clinician. " Tian Mei hopes, can set up the transformation research platform of a good system finally.

Effective individual's medical means

Director Professor Zhang Hong of Zhejiang University medical PET centre that undertakes this forum says when being interviewed by " scientific Times ", individual's medical treatment has already risen at home progressively, is directed primarily to cancer at present and put chemotherapy stage. During the course of confirming curative effect, a very effective means is to adopt the molecule image technology. Through the molecule image technology, can appraise the healing solution, and adjust and make the subsequent healing solution. In addition, judge whether patients could treat, need relying on the molecule image technology individuals.

Gambhir tell reporter whether in U.S.A., individual treat, begin, use already, it directs breast cancer of women against to be therapeutic, etc, a lot of cases combine the molecule image technology and treat individuals now. But among other diseases, the application of the molecule image technology is not extensive, but begin to try gradually.

There are few cases implementing individual's treatment that Zhang Hong can mention in our country, at present too, but he is very confident of domestic individual's popularization treating. But the domestic and existing individual treats and adopts more foreign medicines, does not basically have domestic medicines, also need it hard in this respect. And molecule image preparation faces the same situation, namely seldom a domestic producer researches and develops molecule image preparation with independent intellectual property right.

The reporter has met Dr. Liu XiaoYu, Vice President of Zhejiang Haizheng Pharmaceutical Co. Co., Ltd. Academia Sinica at this seminar, he tells reporters, Haizheng Pharmaceutical Co. is after through developing 10 years, the output value has already been up to 5 billion yuan, begin to plan to enter the molecule image preparation field this year. Liu XiaoYu introduces, they have already introduced some technology and patent from foreign countries, and begin to cooperate with domestic hospital or scientific research institution and look for the partner who is having the cooperation purpose at the same time. About participation seminars of Liu XiaoYu, hope to be exposed to the scholar who study field of more member's images, understand the latest scientific research tendency, in order to help them to confirm the scheme researched and developed as soon as possible.

The molecule image is studied: Make a diagnosis and appear life in early days in cancer