Inborn defect rate raises and needs the reason correctly "

Inborn defect rate raises and needs the reason correctly " Shi Zhi "
Staff reporter Zhang HaoHua

Beijing: The total incidence of the inborn defect was 90.78 persons of every Wan in 1997, would rise to 170.82 people of every Wan in 2008, the incidence rises obviously after 2003.

Guangdong: The incidence of neonatal inborn defect rises to 249 persons of every Wan from 186 persons of every Wan from 2003 to 2007.

Zhejiang: The inborn defect incidence of population is from every Wan in 2003 115.1 208.7 persons of every Wan rising to 2007 people.

Jiangxi: The incidence of inborn defect is from every Wan in 2000 102.6 151.2 persons of every Wan rising to 2006 people.



In the near future, the raised report of rate about the inborn defect of some places, initiate people's concern of the inborn defect once again. What reason causes the inborn defect of our country and takes place high? After the country has taken a series of prevention measure, what rate have the tendency to rise also inborn defect in recent years? How could reduce the inborn defect effectively?

Do not only lack folic acid

It has abnormal state of various body structure, intelligence or supersession when being born in that the inborn defect refers to babies. Our country is the high hair country of a inborn defect. Ministry of Public Health statistics show, have 200,000~30 macroscopic congenital teratogenesis Wan born every year, defect not displayed until several months or several years after being still born in. The two add, the congenital disabled child's total number is up to 1,200,000 every year in our country. Recent several decades, inborn defect, genetic disease and other inborn diseases, accounts for 30%~50% in enclosing newborn baby's death, accounts for 20%~30% in the neonatal death, become the difficult point that the country reduces the infant mortality. It shows that national maternity and child hygiene is monitored, in recent years, disease arranged in the top 5 of our country's inborn defect incidence is that congenital heart disease, many toes, lip palatoschisis, nerve are in charge of defect, hydrocephalus. Among them, 3 kinds of most serious inborn defects of high, consequence of incidence are in charge of defect and severe inborn hydrocephalus for congenital heart disease, nerve respectively, estimate that was born in 150,000, 100,000 and 20,000 separately every year.

Beijing university student educate chief, research institute of health, let patriotic professor say kind of inborn defect have thousands of, caused by heredity, environment or environment and hereditary acting on commonly, can verify at present the inborn defect really related to environmental factor is fewer than 10%. He thinks, causes the northern province of China (such as Shanxi) The neonatal nerve is in charge of the high reason to take place of the defect, it is mainly a pregnant woman folic acid is poor in the body.

The university students of Beijing breed the research institute of the health to study and monitor in provinces such as Shanxi,etc. since 2000. The result reveals, local pregnant early women's blood folic acid level is only in charge of 1/3~1/4 of woman's blood folic acid in the low taking place area of the deformity level for the Chinese southern nerve, it is pregnant and early nearly 50% of the women lack folic acid.

"As to the South, there are less northern resident's fresh fruit and intaking amount of the vegetables of our country, lead to the fact folic acid has relatively low level in the human body. These places cook the food and rely mainly on boiling and stewing, folic acid in the food is lost too more than half. In addition, the northerner likes cornering the vegetables in winter. Study to reveal, the vegetables are put for two or three days, among them folic acid will lose over half. " Let the patriotism said.

The first Deputy Director of hospital gynaecology and obstetrics Yang HuiXia in Peking University says, except the nutrient is scarce, advanced age, defective to bear history, harmful substance expose and pregnant pregnant woman that infect in early days might pregnant with high-risk group of inborn defect. She say for example, if mother has accepted the ray radiation for a long time or brushed work such as the paint, may all cause foetus' deformity. And if mother has been infected with bow-shaped worm or nettle rash, causing the lopsided risk higher of the foetus. She emphasize mother must give up smoking, stop drinking, smoke and passive smoking, drink, may lead to the fact foetus' lip palatoschisis.

Many pregnant women are afraid taking medicine and computer radiation,etc. is foetuses to the lopsided important reason after formaldehyde remain, pregnant after the family fit up. Yang HuiXia says, it must not be good to the human body that formaldehyde is tall in density, but the residue amount generally fitted up will not be too high, whether it is harmful and unable to verify on earth. And fall ill, want the concrete problem to make a concrete analysis of and can't seek no medical advice lest one should be known as a victim of disease, not take medicines after being pregnant, because mother falls ill will influence foetuses too. She still shows, have not studied precisely yet to reveal computer radiation is harmful to foetus at present.

" pare the peak " Need to weave the firm tertiary prevention network

Shanxi has started to 1997 " Pare the peak project " ,Pregnant women release folic acid free in order to prepare. Through efforts for many years, should save nerve, in charge of defective incidence drop to 19.82 / Wan for 2008 from 102.27 / Wan for 1997 already, there are no brain, brain to expand appearing, cerebrospinal membrane expand appearing, recessive backbone splitting, harelip and palatognathous infant are reduced in a large amount. The way taking measures before this kind is pregnant is insider's first class prevention called inborn defect.

Let patriotically and say, preparing to pregnant women if have no immunity of nettle rash, can inject cheek vaccine of leprosy, suffer from first the risk of worry in order to reduce foetuses.

As to already pregnant women, it is very important to check before production regularly. Yang HuiXia says, ordinary colored Ultrasonography B can find the structural defect of most foetuses, for example the nerve is in charge of the defects and inborn heart defects. And a simple serology can detect foetuses and suffer from the risk values of different inborn defects when being checked, mother that risk value is higher can further accept the amniotic fluid is punctured,etc. pre-natal diagnosis, is it defective to make a definite diagnosis of the foetus. If it is not good for the foetus, parents can choose to stop gestation. This is known as second prevention of the inborn defect. She proposes the pregnant woman over 35 makes amniotic fluid and punctures and carries on chromosome analysis directly.

As to the baby already born, carry on the inborn defect and sift checking, it is very important to find, treat in time too. This is known as tertiary prevention of the inborn defect. From June 1 this year, Beijing began to sift and check the work in free neonatal inborn defect. Mainly sift 5 kinds of inborn diseases such as checking inborn hearing damage, congenital heart disease, inborn thyroid gland work are low, benzene acetonuria disease, inborn hip joint dislocation. Suffer from inborn hearing to damage, can remedy through planting manpower cochlearly; Suffer from congenital heart disease, can accept the surgery; Suffer from benzene acetonuria disease, can treat through eating the particular prescription milk power

But economic development level, cognitive level, government put one's back into and difference of engineering level, countryside and western province become the intersection of inborn defect and tertiary blind spot to prevent and cure network often.

The expert thinks, our country should explore the effective mode, it is (pregnant) to strengthen the wedding The previous health care job; Increase the input in finance, implement the tertiary precautionary measures; Pay attention to the research of environment and inborn defect relation, blocking the research of technique of inborn defect paying attention to being brought out by the environmental factor. Reduce the incidence of inborn defect, there are very long ways in our country to go.



Inborn defect rate raises and needs the reason correctly " Shi Zhi "