The once more brilliance that could immunology?

The once more brilliance that could immunology?
Staff reporter Zhang SiWei

"The promise changes people's understanding of immune system rewarding the evaluation committee revolutionary character completely to appraise the Nobel Prize for medicine in 2011, it is obviously too high. Understanding that the immunity reply mechanism before their research has been just deepened. " When being interviewed by " scientific Times " reporter, Peking University the intersection of medical science and parts of immune department thank Sichuan Province give birth to professor to 2011 year Nobel Prize for medicine express above-mentioned attitude.

October 3, Nobel physiologic medical the intersection of award and evaluation committee 3 appraisal that the intersection of Nobel Prize for medicine and winner make to 2011: Through activating the discovery of the key principle to the immunity, makeover the understanding of immune system.

As soon as news announces, attract the concern of the domestic and foreign media and and analyze, look into the distance this award-winner's research results. " makeover " , " revolutionary subversion " Wait for the vocabulary to attract the public eyeball.

Indeed, 3 promises have rewarded a winner and discovered and announced what a mechanism activated congenital immunity and acquired character immunity in immunity is replied are in, it is the important progress of amynologic area research in more than 30 years in the past, and opened up the new direction for the prevention and cure of disease, have important meaning of theory and practice.

Thank Sichuan Province grow, think until " work of them result in, expound, start immunity reply finally Cell and molecule mechanism " It is more rational that to appraise the achievement of 3 immunologists who obtain the Nobel Prize for medicine of this year.

Will you please pour into new vigor and life?

The award-winning catalogue of the Nobel Prize for medicine in more than 100 years in the past all, immunology could deserve to be called " evergreen tree " . The reporter has counted it roughly, nearly Nobel Prize for medicine 17 times shows appreciation for immunology.

Review the whole amynologic history, it has lasted three brilliant periods: So-called ones that get at the beginning of the 20th century at l9 end of the century for the first time " Pasteur - Koch times " ; It was from the end of the fifties of the 20th century to middle period of the sixties for the second time, " amynologic revolution " taking proposing cloning and is chosen the theory and finds the immune system as sign Period; The third it features from the eighties of last century to middle period of the 1990s that announced structure and function of the immune system at the organ, cell and molecule level in an all-round wayed.

Especially from the seventies of last century to the 1990s, there is award-winning 2 times at least every 10 years in immunology. But since the end of last century over 10 years,stem-cell research, animal clone technology and genomics studying appearances with research field of enormous potentiality, immunology seems that there is marginalisation. Immunology of 1996 last time of this award-winning distance has obtained the award and has already been separated by 15 solid years.

15 years later, immunology lists the stage of the Nobel Prize for medicine in glory again, will you please inject new vigor and life into amynologic development?

In the face of the reporter's questions, thank Sichuan Province and grow to think, there must be certain impetuses.

"But establish on will it be the end last century already in view of amynologic basic frame, though some understanding of detail also need further improving, but great breakthrough achievement already and then difficult to appear group by group. If happening, most likely tolerate the field in the immunity. "

It is still possible to obtain the award again

"If the organism resists infection and knows the immune system and opens a door for us, then find immune cells were ubiquitous originally after people came into this door. " Beijing coordinate the intersection of medical college and the intersection of Ins of Basic Med Sciences and immune the intersection of department and Luo YunPing Professor say, it is not surprised to obtain the award to this immunology.

First, she thinks, with development of technology and deepening knowing, the research of immune system and other medical fields is closer and closer, especially there is a kind of inherent connection in the emergence, development with disease. Second, she and this time award-winning Boiter tie tight is the colleague working in American Scripps research institute together, more clearly found out about his work.

In nearly half a century, not merely already the immune category expands immunology to involving almost all the fields of contemporary medical science from resisting infection simply, and respect of controlling and slowing aging in human reproduction etc. has exerted an important influence.

"Review history of development of a century of immunology, its every great break-through is an exciting story. What immunology is explored is that one is full of fields of countless secret and enormous chance. " Thank Sichuan Province born until immunology win Nobel Prize for medicine, regard as the amynologic development history and have significant monuments each time.

While mentioning immunology can list the Nobel Prize for medicine in glory again in the future, thanking Sichuan Province is grown and thought: In structure and function research of the immune system, the immunity may present the great breakthrough while tolerating the research of the field, the break-through in this respect is in resisting the prevention and cure of repelling and various one's own immune diseases of organ transplant, will produce the really revolutionary change, perhaps the possibility which obtains the promise award is relatively great.

In addition, historically, thank Sichuan Province and grow to think, the discovery of the thymic function had award-winning possibility in the sixties of last century.

"Certainly, the immune system, on the issue that it is great that of announcing life sciences as a ' mode system ', may still make some important break-throughs. " Thank Sichuan Province and grow and say.

Immunology obtains the project of the Nobel Prize for medicine:

1.1900, (Germany) EmilVonBehring, finds antibodies and sets up serum treatment.

2.1905, (Germany) RobertKoch, study on tuberculosis and tubercle bacillus.

3.1908, (Germany) PaulEhrlich, proposes the antibody forms the side chain theory. (Russia) ElieMetchnikoff, announces the immune cell theory - function phagocyting.

4.1913, (France) CharlesRichet, study on allergic response.

5.1919, (Belgium) JulesBordet, combines and reflects to the complement and complement that studies.

6.1930, (Austria) KarlLandsteiner, finds the people blood group antigen.

7.1951, (South Africa) MaxTheiler, the invention resists vaccine of yellow fever.

8.1957, (Italy) DanielBordet, treats the allergy with the histamine medicine.

9.1960, (Australia) F.M.Burnet, proposes cloning and chooses theory and acquired character immunity to tolerate. (Britain) Peter.B.Medawar, the immunity of acquired character is tolerated and finds.

10.1972, (Britain) Rodney.R, Porte, study on antibody structure. (U.S.A.) Gerald.M.Edelman, study on antibody structure.

11.1977, (U.S.A.) RosalynYallow, sets up and radiates immune analytical technique.

12.1980, (U.S.A.) BarujBenacerraf, finds the immunity replies the gene. (France) JeanDausset, announces people HLA structure. (U.S.A.) GeorgeSnell finds the little mouse H-2 structure.

13.1984, (Britain) CesarMilstein, studies about monoclonal antibody technology and Ig science of heredity. (Germany) Georges.F.Kohler, to the technical research of monoclonal antibody. (Denmark) Niels.jerne, announces naturally that is chosen the theory, immune network theory.

14.1987, (Japan) SusumnTonegawa, finds the antibody gene and hereditary foundation of antibody variety.

15.1990, (U.S.A.) JosephE.Murray and E.DonnallThomas, about resisting and transplanting the immunity and repelling renal transplantation.

16.1996, (Australia) Peter.Doherty and (Switzerland) Rolf.Zinkernagel, proposes MHC biological function.

17.2011, (U.S.A.) BruceA.Beutler, (France) JulesA.Hoffmann and (Canada) RalphM.Steinman, study on natural immunological function.

The once more brilliance that could immunology?