Staff reporter Li Ying
20 of health control and slow disease prevention and control series of reports
China is that the whole world is infected with hepatitis B and virus in the country largest in number of people, more than 1/3 of person in the person who carries virus of chronic hepatitis B of whole world 350 million to 400 million is in China, nearly have persons who carries virus of 93 millionth chronic hepatitis B, among them nearly have 2- 3 ten million people who are chronic hepatitis B patients. At present, nearly more than 500,000 people die of liver damage and hepatocarcinoma that chronic hepatitis B causes every year in China.
2010 version " whether chronic hepatitis B prevent and cure the guide" release in Beijing formally a few days ago. The brightness professor in the village of the academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering points out: Take orally first 11 years ago antiviral husband, Lammi of medicine, list definitely, first " whether chronic hepatitis B prevent and cure guide" issue, reach new renewal of guide this and then by 2005, " antiviral treatment for a long time " It is still a therapeutic core of slow hepatitis B, millions of hepatitis B patients benefit from it. But hepatitis B of our country treats the current situation and still allows of no optimist at present, two major factors hinder the patient from insisting on treating for a long time: Patient's financial burden and treating unstandardly. New edition this " whether chronic hepatitis B prevent and cure the guide" include in and treat the tactics optimally for the first time, this pair improve the intersection of compliance and of patient, prevent from, able to bear medicine, shorten course of treatment, raise curative effect and reduce hospitalization cost to be extremely important.
The infecting rate of hepatitis B and virus was originally very low
The brightness academician in the village points out, in term of medical angle, general contact will not infect hepatitis B and virus, the route that hepatitis B propagates is mainly propagated through the blood, mother and baby propagate, spread through sex intercourse three kinds vertically. "Kissing will not transmit hepatitis B, will not spread with ulcer of oral cavity person through the meal either, the ordinary one work, is studied via having nothing to do with these three kinds of spread, it is obvious, people should have on pathogen carrier of hepatitis B and relent the attitude, but should not discriminate against. "
The present main infection way of hepatitis B comes from blood and mother and baby and infects, after the adult is infected with hepatitis B and virus, 6% about people will chronic to take only, most people will form antibody to be positive, remove the virus voluntarily, does not leave the seed of trouble. And scientific research shows, infected with age of hepatitis B and virus and morbidity of hepatitis B and chronic and had close relations to melt. After the baby one month old is infected with hepatitis B and virus, more than 80% will transfer to chronically and carry, leaving the seed of trouble, however, present mother and baby can already guarantee over 95% of the chances of baby will not be infected with hepatitis B and virus to cut off technology.
"If mother is a chronic hepatitis B patient, should accept the antiviral treatment actively, more pregnant after controlling the condition; If mother is a person who carries virus of hepatitis B, do not need to carry on the antiviral treatment, can with pregnant, take, strengthen, follow up a case by regular visits to. " The brightness academician in the village emphasizes, should strengthen to neonatal protection in the course of giving birth to, the neonate should inject hepatitis B and immunoglobulin (Ig) and hepatitis B vaccine immediately after being born in, make the risk that they are infected with hepatitis B and virus reduce greatly.
Origin of the person who carries virus of more than 100 millionth hepatitis B
Perhaps readers will ask, if hepatitis B is really so " safe " ,Then how did the Chinese person who carries virus of hepatitis B known as 120 million come? But perhaps another question that should think even more is, at present, our country does not have separation measure to the person who carries virus of hepatitis B, will not be able to use they equally on RMB,at bus,go to hotel for meals, it is last book not to get by library, the owner may have contacted hepatitis B and virus every day, if the infection of hepatitis B and virus is really as great as some advertising, 120 million hepatitis B persons who carries virus of China have passed hepatitis B to 1,200 million people for a long time in 20 years.
Following perhaps this group of data can explain the question even more: According to the national epidemiology investigation result of 1979- 1980 year, the crowd HBsAg positive rate is 8.83% (RPHA law) ,Determine that it is 10.3% to correct by radiating the immunity; Chinese Health Ministry carried on the second great investigation to the whole country according to December of 1995; The carrying rate is 9 to measure the national crowd HBsAg positively on average by radiating vaccinating. 75%.
The medical circle thought at present, the person who carries virus of 120 million, mainly because before the 1990s of last century, it causes the blood to spread that ~s links of using the disposable syringe, donating blood etc. are lax to cause. Secondly, mother and baby did not blocked technology in the past, caused mother-to-baby transmission too. With the mass use of the disposable syringe and popularization of hepatitis B vaccine, spread of blood, mother-to-baby transmission are halted and blocked progressively. Relevant experts predict, hepatitis B will be reduced progressively while spreading in the future.
Daily contact hepatitis B and virus does not infect the infeted
Belong to the individual privacy in countries such as U.S.A., Japan, Australia, South Korea,etc. hepatitis B surface antigen, the trade does not allow to check five items of hepatitis B while advertising for workers.
" GREENESS green world " and public service forum of person who carries hepatitis B " Loyal-hearted " First of our country that forum release jointly discriminate against the magazine advertising against hepatitis B.
At the end of last year, the relevant person says, our country will cancel entering school to obtain employment in the physical examination hepatitis B measures the project. News spreads, namely get support from various circles of society, the alliance of hepatitis of world expresses high appreciation to the issue of this policy in China. But have some people worry about, will be infected and have hepatitis B and virus by the colleague at home. As to this, the brightness academician in the village points out, general daily life is contacted will not transmit hepatitis B and virus. Even acute hepatitis B happens to the adult, change into only 5% of proportion of the chronic hepatitis B, needn't be too tense.
"Check ' asks to appear ' the physical examination project of entering school and obtaining employment of hepatitis B, has not merely reflected the respect to the person who carries virus of hepatitis B, having reflected human-oriented spirit, there is abundant scientific basis as the foundation at the same time" ,The brightness academician in the village says: "This new policies are not only humanity, but also scientific. "
The brightness academician in the village further points out, the best method which prevents hepatitis B is still to inject hepatitis B vaccine of the whole journey for the normal people infected with hepatitis B and virus yet, make it produce protective antibody. Should pay attention to avoiding the damage of the skin, mucous membrane with the contact of person who carries virus of hepatitis B. It is that neonates inoculate the vaccine of hepatitis B, children's reseeding and inoculation of high-risk group that World Health Organization popularizes the tactics which prevents hepatitis B at present. Our country requires too, baby's vaccine inoculation within 24 hours after being born in, the earlier the better. What has already implemented to the children under the age of 15 is reseeded since 2009.
Hepatoprotective does not use having much the better
The medicine curing hepatitis B is numerous on the market, fish and dragons mix up together. It is transferred to the overcast result that quite a lot claim to be with one's own more than 90%. If believe blindly the sham publicity uses medicine arbitrarily, not only can't cure the disease, some bad reactions but also may take place instead, cause other organs to damage.
Chinese hepatitis prevent and cure king, Vice President of foundation, encourage professor think hepatitis B patient often wiped out a lot what is called " hepatoprotective " ,Either will eat various health products or folk prescriptions. In fact one hundred hurts and not has a profit like this. The virus duplication of hepatitis B is a basic cause of disease of the chronic hepatitis B, so the antiviral treatment is right treated, like taking away the firewood from under the cauldron, it is a therapeutic key to chronic hepatitis B. Much " hepatoprotective " All through liver supersession, taking too much will only aggravate a hepatitis B patient to originally bear on the fragile liver.
Some personages' prejudice because of the society, the person who carries virus of hepatitis B is influenced in starting going to a nursery, entering school, employment even marriage question, anxious to treat that patient and relative ask, hate the disease and take medicine, hope these should do the trick as soon as possible.
" pharmaceutial use of protecting liver is the more well " View wrong,because last liver a lot of medicine portal vein after the intestines and stomach are digested and assimilated by being take orally and enter the organism in clothes, the supersession in the liver, using medicine too much will aggravate the burden of the liver, it is undoubtedly unfavorable to the sick liver. Medicine end some product have toxic function to a certain degree on liver, kidney, heart, hepatoprotective is no exception, " Every medicine is poisonous " which people said There is its certain reason. So, if it is improper to take medicine, will cause the damage of the liver instead, the kidney, heart will be damaged at the same time, so not administration is the more, it is the better.
Generally speaking, employ 1- 2 kinds of medicines, 2- 3 kinds are all right at most, can achieve the therapeutic goal, can lighten the patient's financial burden, can also avoid causing kidney of liver,etc. to damage at the same time. Certainly should adjust and use medicine to the treating of acute hepatitis or serious disease and hepatitis according to the circumstances according to the change of the condition.
In the face of hepatitis B with the positive and upward psychology
Because there are a lot of misunderstandings to hepatitis B in the society, the hepatitis B patient is discriminated against in various degree, they often produce mood such as panic, feeling self-humiliation, unsociable and eccentric, resentfulness, the psychology of its suffering injures even is greater than the damage to the health of hepatitis B.
"In fact, general the intersection of hepatitis B and patient have no difference with normal people, if transaminase don't join, take exercises vigorously while being very high, take more time to rest, and some right amount of movements and house work can help the patient to strengthen resistance. " Wang encourages a professor to explain, the person who carries virus of hepatitis B, its life is basically the same as normal people even more, it is all right to follow the healthy habits and customs. But the one that should pay attention to is, the persons who carry will monitor regularly, will check in about half a year. But the patient that hepatitis often moves about should follow the doctor's advice, listen to the doctor's arrangement. "The most important one is that the psychology is gentle to treat hepatitis B, no matter how others look, it is first any gentle for oneself to take, can't frighten oneself, either can't relax overly, treat scientifically. "
The expert points out, the hepatitis B patient needs only life law, avoid being tired, avoid the tobacco and wine, pay attention to the diet, and punish and treat in regular hospital and experienced doctor and follow up a case by regular visits to regularly, can still work and live, the more important thing is to inhibit the virus from duplicating in time normally.
In addition, the hepatitis B patient should not only treat hepatopathy actively but also cure the wound of the psychology at the same time. Reason is treated, non- urgent and non- rash, seek medical advice voluntarily, establish the positive and upward psychology, study and know general knowledge of hepatopathy, stop to seek medical advice blindly, avoid economic losses and psychological injury, don't abuse medicine and nourishing food, firmly believe medical development will cure hepatitis B completely at last.
The chronic hepatitis B treatment should be striven for " Pair is up to standard "
"Such subjective factors as the hepatitis B patient stops medicines by oneself, takes medicine or changes dressings disconnectedly cause the main reason not good of curative effect at present. " China second army medical university hospital, Changhai of Shanghai, infect the intersection of head of the department and the intersection of plan and refined Professor Wan, point out: According to investigating that quite a few of patients exist " Three no " : Namely does not stop medicines according to the standard, take medicine not according to the rule, change dressings not according to the doctor's order.
"Though the slow hepatitis B treatment is a long-term course, because of economic reason and the patient's compliance question, most patients can only maintain the treatment of certain time limit, while a medicine could be controlling the virus, it seems essential to offer higher stopping the medicine chance to patient. " The intersection of plan and refined professor Wan point out " antiviral treatment chronic the intersection of hepatitis B and therapeutic key means, this is not equal to the antiviral medicine and must be taken all the life. On the premise of inhibiting the virus effectively, realize that the hope that medicine accords with most patients stops. "
A professor points out that the Vice President of Beijing Temple of Earth hospital establishes an army: "According to the inhibition situation of early hepatitis B and virus DNA, predict the curative effect while treating for 2 years. If predict the result is good, can strengthen the confidence of patient's treatment, avoid stopping the phenomenon of medicine without authorization, otherwise, can adjust the healing solution in time, in order to reach good long-term curative effect. , in order to be determined as the example more than the, if hepatitis B and virus DNA can not be measured while treating for 24 weeks with a gleam of therapeutic medicine to list in of new edition " guide ", continuing treating for 2 years, the patient ALT normal proportion will be up to 81%, 50% of the patients are expected to realize even more " pair is up to standard " , get a chance to stop medicines, virus it able to bear risks of medicine to be only 2%.
The intersection of plan and refined professor Wan point out, have new medicine come out, treat idea have big change, but the new edition " guide " still reaffirms, the therapeutic overall goal of chronic hepatitis B can't " waver " ,Namely inhibit or dispel hepatitis B and virus for a long time to the maximum extent, lighten hepatocyte inflammatory necrosis and liver fiber, delay and prevent disease progress, reduce the liver and lose compensating, emergence of liver cirrhosis, hepatocarcinoma and complication, quality that thus make the life better and lengthening the time of surviving.
No matter predict long-term curative effect through the early and therapeutic situation, or under the valid prerequisite against virus, possible offering more stopping medicine chance to patient, this antiviral overall goal that can't all leave. A professor emphasizes, " otherwise, treating hepatitis B can only climb a tree to seek fish, all in vain to establish an army. "
Get rid of the intersection of hepatitis B and the intersection of big country and cap, in action government
In order to prevent hepatitis B of our country from infecting and having illness coming on the high realistic state, shorten and control the process of hepatitis B with higher speed, protect and infect risk or most vigorous workforce crowds most, prevent and cure the action plan in a series of measure inside in already formulation including hepatopathy of Ministry of Public Health, strive to realize this goal as soon as possible.
On June 1, 2005, China announced " vaccine circulation and immunization campaign management rule ", to all neonates in the whole country, all implement the vaccine inoculation of free hepatitis B, thus make the immune coverage rate of hepatitis B of children of our country strengthen constantly, it is more and more prominent that hepatitis B protects the result. This is a historical progress.
Ministry of Public Health says, will further strengthen hepatitis B and prevent and cotrol the work, will continue insisting on the neonatal hepatitis B vaccine immunization campaign tactics, launch crowd's hepatitis B vaccine immunization campaign work beyond neonates progressively, encourage inoculating vaccine of hepatitis B to key crowd, high-risk group. There aren't Ministry of Public Health " on the 2005 prevent and cotrol disease and hygiene main points workings patriotic "and "2006-2010 year? rest on tube <
1/3 of the chronic hepatitis B patients are in China
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