Wang Ning Xia of southwest University of Science and Technology of Mianyang (the doctor of psychology, associate professor)
The heavy earthquake of Wen Sichuan of Sichuan has not merely seized several tens of thousands of people's life, destroyed a lot of houses, the soul to the persons who grow is heavy losses too. Calamitous sudden, person who shake and experience while being frightened while being strong, can cause the intersection of party and obvious psychological agony of incident, no matter what a good person psychological quality is, will be sorrowful, frightened and desperate. Generally speaking, the manifestation of psychological crisis will present within two or three days after the calamity, but someone's situation is more special, the latent psychological crisis will be in half a year, one
Annual and then break out. A few people's psychological wound state will permeate through their cognitive mode and behavior pattern, not merely psychological or physiological to exert a serious influence to patient, cause the extensive spiritual agony, in succession can present, fall asleep difficulty, nightmare constantly, not getting serious depression, material abuse psychonosema issues such as obstacle and anxious obstacle,etc., it can last several years to even accompany with the spiritual agony all one's life, influence the quality of its life and social function seriously.
A lot of research and embodiment prove, while the calamitous accident takes place, can play function of relieving the agony, regulating mood, moulding social cognition, adjusting the social relationships, combining the interpersonal system etc. c to intervene in psychological crisis. The effective crisis is intervened to help people to obtain physiologically or psychological sense of safety, relieve and even steady strong fear initiated by the crisis, shocks or sad mood, resume the equilibrium state of psychology, adjust one's own recent life to some extent, and study to and deal with tactics and healthy behavior with effective crisis and promote the psychological health. If can intervene the psychological society to the whole disaster-stricken colony and high-risk group in time, the bad psychological stress after can lighten the calamity ing reacts, avoid chronicity and complexity that the psychology is painful, recover in adaptation and psychology after promoting calamity incident. The social crisis of the psychology of the modern meaning is intervened, mainly reflect in the combination of scientific spirit and cultural and educational care, want people first, reflect the care, respect to the disadvantaged groups. Enable them to face the agony, find the new life goal.
In the face of the great calamity, everybody's responses are all different. Generally speaking, there are three kinds of manifestation. First, depressed type, namely it is wooden to behave, reactionless to the external environment, the social reality of shrinking back; Second, deny the fact, this is that a kind of psychology protects the mechanism, they are often difficult to accept the reality that the relative dies, demanding to continue rescuing constantly; Third, excitement type, mainly shown as it is restless, they will have called out small all the time to let, excited, this is broken into by a kind of emotion. Usually these symptoms will appear in two or three days after people suffer the calamity, the scene when they will recall the earthquake repeatedly, this kind of intruding upon memory is uncontrollable, they will demonstrate the state of mind such as being anxious, frightened, guilty, depressed, some serious patients may produce the thought committing suicide.
, many victims of the disaster have exposed the obvious psychological problem already. A lot of victims of the disaster present baffled sweat, muscle pain tremble, restless uneasy, keep silent, numb, anxious, sad, depressed, talk to oneself, the intersection of expression and the intersection of nervous, terror,etc. and psychological illness symptom all over. If can't carry on the normal debugging psychologically by oneself during this one, the psychological crisis that the external world does not go on in time is intervened, will present serious psychological illness. Intervenes to the earlier fast the social crisis of the psychology go on, it is the more favorable to the victim of the disaster, the better the result is. On the contrary, psychological society in time does not intervene, will leave victim of the disaster the long-term serious future trouble functionally of psychological society, originally simpler problem will probably become complicated and difficult to solve.
When the social crisis of the psychology is intervened and implemented, at first, will set up the society to support the system to be an important measure of doing a good job of the psychology and intervening. Calamity incident happen suddenly to face various, if the victim can not get enough social support, will increase, should defy emergence probability of obstacle behind the wound; On the contrary, the higher the individual satisfaction to what the society supports is, the less danger the ones that should defy the obstacle to take place after the wound are. To victim, rebuild the measure from care and support, the getting involved in early days of psychological workers, enthusiastic aid of the various circles of society of family relatives and friends after pushing the calamity in an all-round way in the government, all these can become strong social support, but relieve the victim's psychological pressure greatly, make it produce sense understood and be supported the sense. Secondly, offer accurate information, give full play to the social stabilization function of the media. In the face of the accident, the more, the more accurate authoritative information dissemination of the government is, help to safeguard the social stability and relieve the individual's bad mood. When the accident comes, people and find out about the instinct of the whole story of the thing out of the self-protection, wish eagerly to receive abundant information very much. It is the anxious and frightened waking the factor up to the uncertain state of a certain information or a certain thing, information is transparent can lower the anxious or panic intensity. Third, help the victim who loses the relative to know, face, accept the lose, this intervenes the successful first step. Originally, occupy how in numb stately it will be person who lose, often have inclination denied, encourage occupying the persons who lose and expressing heart experiencing and memory to the dead, allow and encourage occupying the persons who lose to cry, tell, remember repeatedly, in order to lighten the enormous grief of heart. Occupy the persons who lose after standing the blow different to bear, it is often unable to keep in touch with people voluntarily, so we must mobilize relatives and friends to offer concrete help, the routine affair which occupy the persons who lose that can take over temporarily, guarantee they get the abundant rest, enable them to face the agony, find the new life goal.
The crowd needing psychology to intervene after the disaster, there are relative, colleague, friend of victim, survivor, witness and the dead, also have rescuer, fire fighter, police, meet an urgent need attendants, volunteers. The work load of overload that deliverer's colony will often undertake to go beyond the normal condition, in addition, contact a large number of negative scenes, and also avoid committing any fault, the pressure of heart, nearly reach the limit collapsing, combine with the puzzlement on mood, need the psychology badly to support and coach. So, besides comfort of support to people of disaster area, we these psychological workers also need to show concern and support for deliverer's colonies more.
In addition, should be in time to intervene even more to the child's psychological crisis, because the child's personality is developed not yet sound, personality strength is not strong enough, the disaster will leave very deep injury in their memory, this kind remains if does not deal with it in time, may leave them the permanent shade in disaster. May try hard in the intersection of organization and formal we that psychological crisis help? The scull sighs the difficult 's yellow mythical bird like the phoenix posts benzyl peaceful Zhai; , leech of , inlay season of lie the intersection of thumb and the intersection of carbon and the intersection of and the intersection of tip and even the intersection of alliance and and yellow Chi stop up, pierce the intersection of and picture and Huan slightly 's brother's acute communicable diseases hazel of tired 's ao Lai mother star of firewood of shoe last <
These days I, while helping the psychological crisis to victim of the disaster, some victims of the disaster think it is useless that the psychology is intervened, produce resentment to our intervention behavior. So, interfere from in the psychology and outside the the rescue work, we will carry on the propaganda of some psychological knowledge patiently, let them accept, we could coach on this basis first. On concept, must strengthen the attention intervened and helped to the psychological crisis. Importance of intervening in psychological crisis after calamity that the local government may not understand, we need a channel to propagate to them, let them find out about ABC of mental hygiene after calamity. Psychological crisis intervene and help, need different fields behind the calamity, including government, calamity the people live in harmony, local other support and cooperation that rescue organized, could achieve the good result.
It is with an important task of the disaster relief work of the next period at present to intervene to the victim of the disaster the social crisis of the psychology. Hope the whole society takes action actively, helps the masses of disaster area to go out of the psychological shade as soon as possible, the health lives on.
The front expert writes articles and has a heart-to-heart talk to pay attention to and intervene importance and difficulty
No comments:
Post a Comment