" SARS" Later system of meeting an urgent need of

" SARS" Later system of meeting an urgent need of the public health event that China set up happening suddenly
The spring of 2003, a tiny " SARS " The virus priority " Invade " Guangdong, Beijing,etc., like a stealthy poisonous snake shuttles back and forth in the crowd.

Originally, because to " SARS " The ignorance and frightened of the virus, the local government has kept silent. At critical moment, the central government resolves, disclose information, the whole people beat back " SARS " together in time ,China has set up the emergent system of the public health event of happening suddenly from this.

The virus invades Guangzhou

Before the Spring Festival of 2003, Guangzhou, the invisible virus of naked eyes travelled in the air, suck lung will present symptom of having a fever etc., right away will " isolate " To the door of Death.

The citizens pass the message, telephone, the numerous and complicated outward legends, this virus, one is terrible, talk about this kind " Strange disease " . Later, doctors named it as " acute infective SARS " ,English name " SARS " ,People call it " SARS " .

This kind of disease seems to also want terror more than pestilence, as a kind of strong infectious disease, can spread through breathing. Outside Guangzhou the intersection of people and the intersection of mouth and mouth, according to legend, someone catches SARS And then isolated, the death that someone has already caught an illness. "What is SARS? " At first, nobody knows, only know that it will die to catch.

Rumour has it than " SARS " Spread faster, people's terror that spread to furthermore let. "Guangzhou gauze mask out of stock, board blue root out of stock, the intersection of white vinegar and 1000 per bottle "In spring of 2003, interviewed SARS in the whole journey " the South Daily " reporterette pieces of Sichuan Province plum,last book " at SARS fronts prevailing ", among them record and narrate: " on February 11, I set out (go to Guangzhou) from home . While leaving, mother actually lets me carry the blue root of some boards, go to several pharmacies to ask, the blue root of the board had been already out of stock on the previous day. Pharmacy Mr. say, buy back in household that Guangdong work as a temporary labourer, send it to Guangdong. " The younger brother has bought 5 bottles of white vinegar for her when she boards a plane.

Can't get the Spring Festival of 2003 when the official side confirmed, rumour has it that spread like virus. "It is said that it is plague, it is said that and is attacked by the living beings. " Walk in the street, people happilying gather together the same as in the past, it was calm in the past but not have in the heart.

Begin to present such a picture on the media, on nightfall's CITIC square of Guangzhou, a girl fastens gauze mask from the back for the lover carefully, two should be the happy face but were split open tightly.

The joyous atmosphere in New Year has not disappeared in hearsay to the limit yet, February 11, 2003, the 11th of the first month of the lunar year of lunar calendar, information, the news briefing which the government of Guangzhou wants to hold that a Sichuan Province plum is received. At the meeting, the press spokesman has announced the SARS situation in Guangzhou area.

The press spokesman introduced, since the end of last year, successively the SARS case appears in some areas in Guangdong. From January 12, 2003, the specific critical patient of other places passes on to some large-scale hospital treatments of Guangzhou area. Around the Spring Festival, Guangzhou area began to present the local case. By February 11, Guangzhou finds more than 100 this kind of cases together, it is the medical personnel to be much among them.

SARS Alarm,from Guangzhou sound.

Beijing, SARS has come

Guangzhou meets with " SARS " After attacking, March of 2003, SARS The virus will begin to spread outside from Guangzhou inevitably, successively SARS appears in Hong Kong and Beijing Case.

Beijing in spring, the street, it is popular that the white gauze mask is worn.

Cameraman Liu ZhiYong in the sound and image room of Temple of Earth hospital, in the street, notes the situation at that time with the lens: Crowded Beijing West Railway Station, became empty and hollow suddenly in the past; Make the wide bus of way rare on Chang'an Avenue bustling with vehicles on ordinary days, is filling the taste of antiseptic everywhere; People holding into the subway, wear the gauze mask and far stands dodging. Liu Zhi taking office in God Temple Hospital now says bravely: "At that time, SARS ward did not allow shooting publicly yet. "

In the evening of March 25, 2003, are helping and fitting hospitals such as the hospital,etc. and accepting SARS for medical treatment After the patient, the incumbent Temple of Earth hospital secretary's Liu Jianying received the notice of Beijing Municipal Health Bureau too at last: Plan to accept " SARS " The patient, mainly include important patients such as the cadre, compatriots from Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan, foreigner at director-general level,etc.. At that time, a job vacancy of Temple of Earth director, Liu Jianying was fully authorized and worked in the courtyard, have opened up the landscaped roadway which accepts and cures the disease people.

Receive the order of the hospital, infect main doctors such as head of the department Li XingWang,etc., await orders at once, plan to enter the inpatient area. Before this, Li XingWang has already participated in and discussed SARS in Guangdong many times The course of making a diagnosis, deal with SARS The patient reaches the situation after Beijing.

At the that night of March 26, Temple of Earth hospital accepts two patients for medical treatment in the first batch: One comes from Hong Kong, one is Canadians. SARS The campaign in Temple of Earth hospital, has already " fired" formally .

Temple of Earth hospital has already entered the in short one " Fight " . Originally, apparatuses in the hospital are not too many. Prosperity Li put on protective clothing, wear thick gauze mask, lead a dozen medical personnel enter ward, at the beginning " SARS " The patient does clinical diagnosis.

Rescue the most tense one, rescue a minister of Department of Labor in Italy. Li XingWang recalls, received and treated and cured the task at that time: Treat patients; Guarantee worker's security. However, because of the tense rescue work, the doctor of the scene exposes more, while having an intravenous drip for patients, there is the nurse's gauze mask that is fallen off because of carelessness, can not wear.

After the ward comes out, symptom that there are nurses to generate heat, live in SARS ward. Have a meal in the restaurant in the morning, a colleague says, cried. Seeing the nurse that is not much older than one's own child falling down suddenly, Li XingWang said, this makes him very anxious. "At that time, not knowing the etiology, it is infective and strong not to expect. " Before this, successively already there was medical personnel to treat and cure SARS in Guangdong and Beijing When fall down,if you can't last people this, take the place of nurse that be fallen down stricken with anxiety and fear.

SARS, has already " invaded " Beijing.

Set about establishing the system of meeting an urgent need

By April, SARS that already the rumour is getting about among the people Enter news of Beijing, however, Ministry of Public Health and Beijing Municipal Government still keep the optimistic attitude to the epidemic situation in Beijing, and called it already " Control effectively " . As to this, World Health Organization has queried.

In the afternoon of April 13, the officers of World Health Organization sent two officers to go to investigate Temple of Earth hospital. Liu Jianying recalls, finishes seeing ward, patient's case and safeguard procedures of the hospital, two officers certainly say: "Treatment of you first-class, disinfection of you protect, can be rated as generation? Gun pour sting the intersection of and table tennis, destroy the intersection of Tian and the intersection of moat and wooden Liang cave even to sigh, admire extremely ] Yu, Qiao of ins and outs, finish! Pen billows misty Lang eye disease enthalpy bath amine moat barium Huans ridicule make a noise to where Zhyuan hold to last locust Fan in moat Huan coin for the amines after lasting to cherry color of calamities ridicule after fainting ?

In fact, begin since April 8, with the development of epidemic situation, Temple of Earth hospital has already received the notice, plan to open up the second " SARS " The ward, begin to accept SARS for medical treatment in large batches Patient. Liu Jianying says, in the evening of April 9, 21 critical patients have already changed over to ICU director Guo LiMing's responsible serious disease and guarded the ward.

However, Ministry of Public Health and Beijing Municipal Government, to SARS Statement all the time " Control effectively " Have not " spread " .

On April 3, Ministry of Public Health is here to SARS Say at the time of first statement: Beijing is because of drawing the lesson of Guangdong, has controlled input case and a few cases caused by these cases effectively, so has not spread to the society. The life and work is safe in China.

Subsequently, World Health Organization claims to cancel the epidemic-stricken area identity of Beijing, Ministry of Public Health has announced this news, and carry on the report through the media. The relevant persons in charge of National Tourism Administration say optimistically: China remains safest travel and investment rich soil in the world. Preparing in Beijing " May Day " In golden week, open the door and meet guests.

After the other matchmaker is to the domestic epidemic situation report, on April 10, World Health Organization criticizes the epidemic situation reporting system of Beijing publicly, think only a few hospitals report SARS case every day in Beijing, and send the expert panel to go to Beijing to investigate. On April 11, Beijing is determined as the epidemic-stricken area by World Health Organization again. However, domestic all medias have kept silent to this again.

Realize " SARS " The harmfulness of the epidemic situation, the State Council proposes studying immediately " the regulations of meeting an urgent need of the public health event happen suddenly ", set about, do from April 14, SARS List in " infectious disease prevent and cure law " legal infectious disease gone on, managed ".

Open epidemic situation of Ministry of Public Health

Beijing resumes the identity of epidemic-stricken area one week later, on April 18, Liu Jianying receives the urgent notice above again: Vacate the ward, plan to receive large quantities of SARS The patient, Temple of Earth hospital should be specially used for accepting SARS for medical treatment Patient. Liu Jianying realizes, epidemic of SARS is being still spread.

Some information on the media seems to indicate too epidemic situation is serious - -Two central top leaders are separated by one day, successively to SARS Take a stand.

On April 12, leaders of the State Council such as Wen Jiabao and Wu Yi,etc., reach treating and curing SARS patient most Beijing to help and fit the hospital to visit a medical worker on a special trip. The next afternoon, hold the special meeting of the national SARS prevention and control in Beijing for the first time. At the meeting, Wen Jiabao admits frankly, the temporary influence that SARS leads to the fact to activities such as our country's travel, traffic, trade and business and contacts with outside world,etc. is different to avoid.

On April 14, in case of not greeting in the clear field either in advance, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPC Hu Jintao appears on Beijing Road business street of the market of Guangzhou. He say to the personnel present words eagerly: We are very anxious, feel anxious.

Receive the above " Rise in the ward " Notice,recall Liu Jianying, be taken by two days only and be organized by hospital's medical personnels the whole rapidly she, transfer all 405 patients of the hospital to brother's hospital.

Just got ready for April 20 of the ward, on, nearly the same as feeling later on of all compatriots, Liu Jianying saw the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China correctly " SARS " " unexpected " Significance decision sum to change.

On the same day, Ministry of Public Health holds the press conference again. Gao Qiang, Vice Minister of Ministry of Public Health newly elected makes a speech, the frankness admits, the epidemic situation of Beijing has been already very serious, fail to report questions in SARS. By April 18, Beijing has already made a definite diagnosis of 339 patients of SARS, this figure is the figure " 37 patients " announced in the first four days Nearly 10 time. At the news conference, claim to cancel the " May Day " that year The system of long holidays, since April 21, the epidemic situation will change a newspaper into for one day by a newspaper past the fifth.

And then, that afternoon, Xinhua News Agency sent out news: "The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China announces: Cancel post of secretary of the leading Party members' group of Ministry of Public Health Zhang Wenkang, is taken over by Gao Qiang, cancels the Beijing Deputy Secretary of municipal Party committee of Meng Xuenong, post of member of the standing committee of municipal Party committee at the same time. "

Liu Jianying says, April 21, large quantities of SARS The patient begins to change over to Temple of Earth hospital, the ward is all opened, there is no " ordinary patient " again With " cadre at director-general level " Its difference, clinic all stop too. Temple of Earth hospital becomes " SARS " Fixed hospital, rely mainly on treating and curing the serious disease patient. SARS The epidemic situation enters transparence of coming into the open.

The resistance of leading factor effectively of central government " SARS " Work,foundation on and, it put forth effort on accident is emergent system.

Guard the last line of defence

At SARS At moment that the patient is soaring constantly, Liu Jianying, " unexpected " Have received newly appointed acting mayor Wang Qishan's condolence telephone. On the phone, the mayor says, he will go to the hospital to visit the medical personnel in the first line in appropriate time. Liu Jianying says at that time, the mayor was too busy, which had time!

Since April 21, SARS The patient rises violently every day, increase the case newly and reach 150 people in highest day. The whole Beijing, in popular anxiety, white gauze mask is worn to the limit all over the city. On the road, the few people of car are rare. The supermarket, rush to purchase the disturbance; The catering trade, hotel, close and close a business, economy falls into desolately.

April 22 for acting mayor Wang Qishan " Drop from the air " After Beijing, take a stand at first Beijing standing meeting: Make sure firmly there are no jokes in armed forces! He invites the officers of WHO to be next to his office and work, guarantees" you that I know will know ". " At the news briefing, he says to the citizens: "People is self-confident, whose people's letter, it? " Meanwhile, the State Council establishes the State Council to prevent and cure the SARS command post, vice-premier Wu Yi takes the post as the commander-in-chief, unified command. Subsequently, the middle and primary schools of Beijing all have a holiday, and subsidiary to Peking University the People's Hospital begins to close and isolate.

It is prevented and cured that hospitals such as Temple of Earth hospital, Xiaotangshan,etc. become " SARS " The last line of defence.

Liu Jianying says, begins since the 21st, SARS The patient's crest begins to walk up, in 5 days, Temple of Earth hospital accepts 176 patients for medical treatment, took the whole city at that time " SARS " 20% of the patient. In these 176 people, 40% are the medical worker infected.

At that time, apparatus and personnel were not enough, the treatment and cure of Temple of Earth hospital was very large in pressure. Study in medical worker of working graduate student outside, come back voluntarily one after another, reach a gleam of join giving first aid, " do day and night, none shrank back at the last moment " .

Temple of Earth hospital in totally closed treat and cure, relatives can't be visited, can only convey the items in everyday use for patients through security personnel, and inquire patient's condition. Through the bus of the gate of Temple of Earth hospital, nobody dares to sit, fears to suck and catch an illness from the virus floating out in the hospital.

On those most tense days, Liu Jianying sleeps on the sofa of the office every day, responsible for the whole institute's accepting for medical treatment " SARS " Work, allocate the medical personnel. " the whole Beijing is the overall situation " ,Liu Jianying says, hands did not have enough at that time, she applied to support to the command centre of Beijing, the centre sends more than 20 nurses at once.

Nurse of Temple of Earth hospital, except nursing patients, will be responsible for looking after shelter of supporting the nurse, many persons of medical personnel of hospital are rescuing and curing the disease the philtrum falls down. "Fortunately, these nurses have resumed not leaving sequela on later stage. "

Li XingWang, these doctors in charge Guo LiMing, if it is the same to come in and go out in the public ward, untiring ground come in and go out on " SARS " The ward, treat patients. "At that time, spirit was very excited, did not know it was hard. " Li XingWang says.

Cameraman Liu ZhiYong, got permission to enter the inpatient area to shoot with media's reporter at last. "Can stay for more than two hours while entering every day, come out after striking the belt for half an hour. " Liu Zhi says bravely, during the SARS-fighting period in 2003, he struck more than 60 records of belt altogether, treats and cures SARS after recording a doctor The patient's historical scene.

One month later, on May 21, Beijing Temple of Earth hospital saw the 100th persons who recover of SARS off. On May 29, it is zero to accept SARS for medical treatment and make a definite diagnosis of the case newly in Beijing for the first time. Next day, Liu Qi announces: Prevent and cure SARS in Beijing " The assault of fortified positions of May " Make the phased achievement.

By June 21, Temple of Earth hospital becomes the only SARS kept in Beijing Fixed hospital, is responsible for the whole Beijing SARS Rounding-off work. Three days later, World Health Organization removed the travel advisory in Beijing, and delete Beijing from the list of the epidemic-stricken area of SARS.

Liu Jianying says, there is a faith all the time at that time: "We are infectious hospitals, we are the last line of defence, the patient to here, must go all out to fight the floods. "

Temple of Earth hospital,etc. " SARS " Fixed hospital, has kept SARS Finally line line of defence.

Government's information comes into the open

On August 16, 2003, Temple of Earth hospital held a grand farewell ceremony: " say good-bye to SARS and move towards tomorrow " ,Liu Jianying and colleagues are smiling, last two SARS fully recovering in Beijing Patient Sun Zheng and Lu ZhiYan see the institute off. A fight of taking person's life comes to an end temporarily, but it is but the limitless introspection to leave to people.

Nowadays, Liu Jianying who has already retired says with deep feeling, SARS Later, some officers paid attention to the work of infectious disease too. At SARS Before this, once officers thought, infectious disease in Beijing was reduced, the utilization ratio of the ward was low, want the intersection of Temple of Earth and hospital and help, set up the hospital to amalgamate. SARS And then, do not carry amalgamating and select site and extend Temple of Earth hospital in Shunyi District of Beijing.

On September 24, 2008, it invests 10 hundred million new Temple of Earth hospital that build up to begin to launch the government, more than 200 negative pressure wards await orders at any time, specially used for accepting SARS for medical treatment Wait for patients.

Li XingWang sits in the brand-new office, has remembered for life that those passion was burnt of 2003 calmly, he says, SARS Can obtain the last victory, in a sense, benefit from government's existing system too, can arouse every social forces effectively within shortest time, cut off and propagated the source.

SARS Later, such great transition took place in the attitude toward infectious disease of the government, it was to draw SARS Bitter lesson brought. The one that had a far-reaching meaning even more is, the government has been already through legislating, has set up the reporting system of meeting an urgent need of the accident.

Will it be May 9 2003, the intersection of Premier of the State Council and Wen Jiabao sign the State Council 376 order, announce, implement after the " happen suddenly public the intersection of health event and regulation of meeting an urgent need ", tackling the accident begins to enter the orbit legalized.

2003 SARS In earlier stage, because conceal the epidemic situation figure, influence the treating in time of correct decision and patient of the government directly. SARS After in the past four years, in April of 2007, Chinese Government issued " government's information discloses the regulations ", implement formally on May 1, 2008, government's information will come into the open progressively.

SARS After going over, will encounter " natural disaster " again ,Face " national calamity " --" 5 12" When the heavy earthquake of Wen Sichuan, Chinese Government discloses information, the general mobilization of the nation in time, condense to the strength of the whole country. The information of the government in the great accident is disclosed, through SARS Baptism,become city gate on it is getting heavier like each transparent, be pushed slowly open slowly.

Give an oral account of people: Liu ZhiYong

Identity: Former cameraman of Temple of Earth hospital

Come into " SARS " for the first time When the ward is shot, through the glass in the ward, see one's own colleague working too, but do you say who does not fear death? At that time, only knew one was frightened and afraid, pushed the feeling of the ward door open, the brain melon appeared in the twinkling of an eye, the same with pushing away the feeling in the danger spot. But enter, I record people these, forget too the spirit very much is moved by them, their family has children too, there are old men too, that kind of situation at that time, who know how?

At that time, just wanted to pass the camera lens, these doctors, the nurse, with patient's contact of a distances in the brain melon, with some exchange of patient, give, write down, make into one film let descendant can know, also regarded as the record of the historical materials. Say one sentence of unpleasant ones, has not met this disease this a century.

Entered the ward for the first time, it was the municipal Party committee of Beijing that let the news media interview the ward disclosing that day. That day, the news briefing was held first. After the meeting, the reporters of various countries put on the protective clothing successively. That is the first time.

Allow to enter and shoot, basically, I enter once everyday. After coming out, the clothes are wet, can twist and surface to twist, it is sultry, in the isolation ward, also wear the double-deck gauze mask. However, see these films that oneself shot later and think that has not done in vain by oneself.

At that time, changed the clothes and still made a stupid mistake before entering on the first day. Reporter and person from outside put protective clothing on body, enter. I, the intersection of clothes and neck, neck finish after the garment, one's own clothes are put in the office directly. I took off all arm to put on the protective clothing, while going downstairs, others ask me: "How do you come out while coming out? " I suddenly remembered, when I came out, must take off the protective clothing inside the contaminated area, then I must really only burn the buttocks will come out (smile) ,I have to go back and wear the clothes again. Have really made a stupid mistake for the first time.

Do you say inside who is not afraid? Looking at those critical patients inside, angry and all non- enough to breathe heavily, really feel a pain in the heart. Moreover, see we nurses, after finishing work, the tired out body is to a station there, the gauze mask can't be plucked either, are all the sweat all over, seal. Sometimes, I chat with them, a lot of nurses are the child's mother, refer to the child, the canthus hangs the tears, I am very uncomfortable.

Shoot in the ward, lenses are closest to patient and about 0.67 meters. Because I should take the close-up, shoot the anaesthetist and give patients an intubate in some scenes. Did not think the others' doctor was afraid what I was afraid, and others operated personally at that time, I want to write down these things. Can say so, it is the bigger to take the gallbladder, think that protects doing well, there should not be questions.

While just entering, did not really know what is struck at the beginning, felt slowly how to strike. At the very beginning, have patted the scene that some nurses, doctors work, after coming out, have seen these films, also there is a goal. I had two sets of schemes at that time, one was according to the formal way of the documentary film, noted these things; One, want to take more activity scenes, can do a musical film, stand up with the intersection of music and bunch whole thing from the beginning to the end, as record, let everybody watch.

At that time, I could not specially stand the child that saw inside. Small and pitiful, even parents can not meet, only the nurse looks around enclosing every day. A child and nurse say through the glass: "Auntie, I will leave hospital tomorrow, what time are you here? " This nurse is a afternoon class, the nurse separates the middle segregation window, gesticulate with hands: "At two o'clock in the afternoon, I see you off accurately. " I think that child is really pitiful, there are children for five or six months inside, nurse's auntie tells a story to them. There are children of the full moon, lay in bed sucking the breast, the nurse would change the diaper. It is really specially difficult too for these nurses.

Like that student of north Shanghai Communications University Sun Zheng, and the contacts between these nurses, doctors are very deep. Just enter, he stand up bed is whole paralysed in bed, amyotrophy, the hair was long, the moustache is long, people have only skin and bones, nurse, head nurse lead him to do exercises, give him have bathing face shave, the guy is close to while leaving hospital, frolic happily too, just naughty a bit of children. Finally, get along well with head nurse to acknowledge head nurse as the foster-mother. Moreover, on second year Mother's Day after leaving hospital, are bringing flower to see the foster-mother. These scenes, all remember, very touching. The big guy of more than one meter for one, it is these doctor and nurse that rescue him from verge of death back too.

I think I write down these things of this record, this is history. Many years later, it can not performed out that you want to perform. I make 60 belt altogether, from April to August, enter two hour every day, take belt for half an hour. Thought, should strike inside, outside should strike too, included the thing that all parts of the country support outside at that time, the water that some producers sent, the beverage, write down all these things.

I am thinking, the thing at that time, could not find again in the past. (reporter Tian QianFeng)

Significant events of SARS

2002

On November 16, Guangdong Foshan of China finds the case called SARS later of the first thing.

2003

On 3 - 14 of February, Guangdong has illness coming on and enters the peak, but the etiology is unclear.

2003

March 25, nurse, institute of traditional Chinese medicine of Guangdong Province, leaves come out happy to die at one's post, this medical personnel that patient infect and die first.

2003

On April 16, World Health Organization announces, the virus has already been found, named as SARS virus formally.

2003

On April 20, SARS is listed in the legal infectious disease of our country.

Do one's best because of preventing and curing SARS, health minister Zhang Wenkang, Deputy Secretary of Beijing municipal Party committee Meng Xuenong are removed from office.

2003

Epidemic of SARS of Beijing is severe from April 21 to the end of April, increase the case newly and reach more than 150 people in highest one day.

2003

On April 22, Wang Qishan takes the post as acting mayor in Beijing.

2003

On April 23, the notice of Beijing, take and isolate the control measure to the key area of epidemic of SARS.

2003

On April 26, Vice Premier of the State Council Wu Yi holds the minister of Ministry of Public Health concurrently.

2003

On May 1, through the preparing to establish promptly of 8 days, Xiaotangshan hospital begins to receive patients.

2003

On May 9, Premier Wen Jiabao signs the 376th order of the State Council, announces and implements that " the regulations of meeting an urgent need of the public health event happen suddenly ".

2003

On May 29, accept for medical treatment and make a definite diagnosis of SARS case to drop to zero for the first time newly in Beijing.

2003

On June 24, World Health Organization removes the traveling warning to Beijing, gets rid of Beijing from the list of epidemic-stricken area of SARS at the same time. (reporter Tian QianFeng)




" SARS" Later system of meeting an urgent need of the public health event that China set up happening suddenly